Kalmomin vegan, an fassara su a sarari.

Sanskrit don rashin cutarwa.

Babban ka'ida ce ta ɗabi'a a Jainism, addinin Buddha da addinin Hindu. Ahimsa ga dukkan halittu masu hankali shine tushen tarihi na aikin cin ganyayyaki da vegan a Kudancin Asiya.

Noman dabbobin ruwa — kifi, shrimp, kifi-kifi — a cikin tanki, nets ko ponds.

Sau da yawa ana kiransa 'kamun kifi mai ɗorewa', amma gonakin kifi suna haifar da gurɓata mai yawa, suna haɓaka buƙatar kifi na daji don abinci, kuma suna yada cututtuka ga yawan halittun daji.

Ruwan ruwa mai kauri daga dafaffun chickpeas; yana daddawa kamar farin kwai.

An gano shi ta hanyar masu dafa abinci a 2014, aquafaba yana maye gurbin farin kwai a cikin meringues, mayonnaise, mousses da kayan gasa.

Bitamin da kwayoyin cuta ke samarwa wanda ke da mahimmanci ga jijiyoyi da lafiyar jini.

Ba tsire-tsire ko dabbobi ke samar da shi ba — sai dai micro-organisms. Masu cin vegan suna shan kari kai tsaye; dabbobin gona ma suna shan kari. Mai arha, mai tasiri, ba mai shawarwari ba.

Tsarin keji na waya wanda ke riƙe da kajin kwai a yawa mai yawa.

An haramta shi a EU tun 2012 amma har yanzu ana amfani da shi a Amurka da yawancin duniya. Kullum kaji yana samun ƙarancin sararin bene fiye da takarda ɗaya na A4.

Wata al'ummar Indiya ta karni na 15 wacce addininsu ke hana kashe dabbobi ko sare bishiyoyi.

A shekara ta 1730, an kashe Bishnoi 363 suna kare bishiyoyi khejri daga yanke su — abin da ya haifar da motsi na kare muhalli na Chipko na zamani.

Dabbobi marasa niyya na ruwa da kayan kamun kifi suka kama kuma suka yasar.

An kiyasta bycatch na duniya a kashi 10-40% na jimlar kamun kifi. Ga kowane kg na jatan lande da aka kama, ana iya kashe kg 5-20 na sauran dabbobi.

Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation — kalmar doka ta Amurka don gonakin masana'antu.

An ayyana shi ta hanyar EPA don yawan dabbobi da fitar da sharar gida. Sama da kashi 90% na dabbobin Amurka da aka noma ana kiwo a cikin CAFOs.

Tsarin imani mara ganuwa da ke shafar mutane su ci wasu dabbobi.

Kalmar likitan ilimin halayyar dan adam Dr. Melanie Joy ce ta ƙirƙira ta. Tana bayyana tsarin al'adu da ke barin al'umma ta shayar da karnuka kuma ta ci aladu ba tare da ganin sabani ba.

Mai kauri da aka cire daga jan ruwan teku; tushen shuka.

Ana amfani da shi a cikin yawancin ice creams na vegan, madarar shuka da madadin nama. Akwai muhawara game da nau'ikan da suka lalace; carrageenan mai ingancin abinci gabaɗaya ana gane shi a matsayin mai lafiya.

Babban protein a madarar dabbobi.

Sau da yawa ana ɓoye shi a cikin kayayyakin 'marasa kiwo' kamar kofi creamers da cuku mai sarrafawa. Koyaushe duba lakabin.

Protein da ke dauke da dukkanin amino acid guda tara masu muhimmanci a isasshen adadi.

Soyayyar, quinoa, buckwheat da amaranth suna cikakke da kansu. Jiki yana tara amino acid a cikin yini, don haka tsohuwar doka ta 'protein complementar' ba ta da mahimmanci.

Abincin da ba shi da kayan dabbobi — sau da yawa ana amfani da shi don bayyana abincin ba tare da tsarin ɗabi'a ba.

Dukkanin masu cin vegan suna cin abincin da aka dogara da tsire-tsire; ba dukkanin masu cin abincin da aka dogara da tsire-tsire ba ne suke ɗaukar kansu a matsayin vegan.

Ɗakin da ake tafe shanu a inji, yawanci biyu zuwa uku a rana.

Ana riƙe shanu masu ciki a kan sake zagayowar shekara don kiyaye samar da madara; ana cire 'ya'yan saniyar a cikin 'yan sa'o'i na haihuwa.

Matsayin da iskar gas a cikin iska suka daina hauhawa kuma suka fara raguwa.

Project Drawdown yana sanya abincin da aka wadatar da tsire-tsire a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan mafita guda 5 mafi tasiri kan yanayi.

Gurɓacewar abinci mai gina jiki wacce ke haifar da 'yankuna matattu' marasa iskar oxygen a cikin ruwa.

Yawancin lokaci ana haifar da ita ta hanyar taki da runoff daga aikin noma na dabbobi. Yankin matacce na Gulf of Mexico yana samun abinci daga dabbobin Mississippi Basin da runoff na amfanin gona.

Noman dabbobi na masana'antu wanda aka daidaita don samarwa fiye da jin daɗi.

Yana samar da sama da kashi 90% na dabbobin ƙasa da aka noma a duniya. An ayyana shi ta hanyar yawan dabbobin da aka sanya, irin dabbobin da aka haife su don yawan samarwa, da kuma amfani da magungunan rigakafi akai-akai.

Fatar dabba da aka sarrafa don hana ruɓewa.

Ba 'kayan haɓaka' ba ne amma kayan haɗaka ne da ke da darajar biliyoyin a kowace shekara, suna raba sarkar samar da shanu. Manyan tushen fata sun haɗa da shanu a Brazil, Indiya da Bangladesh.

Madadin fata na dabba da aka yi da tsire-tsire ko roba.

Ya haɗa da Piñatex (ganyen abarba), Mylo (naman gwari), Desserto (cactus), fatar apple, recycled PU. Yana da ƙarancin ruwa da sawun ƙasa fiye da fatar sa mai chrome.

Yawan kg na abinci da ake buƙata don samar da kg 1 na kayan dabba.

Shanu: ~25:1 don naman sa mai ciyar da hatsi. Aladu: ~6:1. Kaji: ~3:1. Cin tsire-tsire kai tsaye yana guje wa asarar.

Hanta da aka ƙoshi ta hanyar ciyar da agwagwa ko geese da karfi.

An haramta shi a Burtaniya, Jamus, Italiya, Ajantina da jihohi/birane da yawa na Amurka. Hantar tsuntsu tana kumbura zuwa kusan {n}× girman al'ada.

Protein da aka fitar ta hanyar tafasa fatun dabbobi, kasusuwa da nama mai haɗawa.

An ɓoye shi a cikin marshmallows, gummies, capsules, wasu yoghurts, jellies da tace giya. Madadin vegan: agar-agar, pectin, carrageenan.

Wurin ƙarfe da ake amfani da shi don daure aladu masu ciki don tsawon ciki.

Kujerar yawanci ta fi kunkuntar jikin aladu, yana hana ta juyawa. An haramta shi a cikin EU a lokacin ciki bayan makonni 4 na farko; har yanzu yana da halatta a yawancin duniya.

Protein na alkama mai tsabta, wanda ake amfani da shi don yin seitan.

Haɗa da ruwa, ganye da miya; taƙa; simmer ko tururi. Yana samar da kauri, rubutu mai kama da nama wanda ya dace da yanka, tsiran alade da gasassun nama.

Ikon ji, gani da kuma fuskantar abin da ke faruwa na kansa.

Sanarwar Cambridge na 2012 game da lamiri ta tabbatar da hankali a cikin dabbobin da ba mutane ba, tsuntsaye da sauran dabbobi da yawa ciki har da octopuses.

Falsafar da ke ba da shawarar yin abin da ya fi kyau a kowane albarkatu da aka kashe.

Yawancin kungiyoyin kare dabbobi suna amfani da ka'idodin EA — suna mai da hankali kan mafi girman tasirin shisshigi, ciki har da jin daɗin dabbobin gona.

Al'adar cin abinci na tushen shuka na Rastafari, wanda ya samo asali daga ra'ayin 'livity' (ƙarfin rayuwa).

Abincin Ital yawanci vegan ne, maras sarrafawa, maras gishiri ko ƙarancin gishiri, kuma ana noma shi a gida.

Addinin Indiya yana yin tsattsauran ra'ayin kin tashin hankali ga dukkan rayuwa tsawon ~2,500 years.

Tsananin Jainists suna guje wa kayan lambu masu tushe (don ceton shuka da kwayoyin halittar ƙasa), kuma da yawa suna yin tsattsauran ra'ayin kin tashin hankali har ma ga kwari.

Bakakken gishiri na Hindu tare da ƙanshi mai ƙarfi na sulfur, kamar kwai.

Mahimmanci ga tofun da aka soya, quiches na vegan da omelettes na chickpea. Ɗan ɗan tsinkaye yana da tasiri sosai.

Dabbobi kamar lobsters, crabs da shrimp — yanzu ana gane su a bisa doka a matsayin masu hankali a Burtaniya.

Dokar Kare Halittu (Hankali) ta Burtaniya ta 2022 ta ƙara decapod crustaceans a cikin jerin halittu masu hankali, bayan shaidar da aka bita ta abokan aiki na jin zafi.

Kayan ruwa na yin cuku — protein madarar dabbobi.

Ruwan protein mai yawa, biscuits, kayan gasa da 'plain' crisps. Koyaushe duba lakabin idan kuna gujewa madara.

Wanda ke cin abinci mafi yawa na tushen shuka amma lokaci-lokaci yana cin kayan dabbobi.

Mafi shahararren asalin abinci a duniya. Manyan raguwa a cikin cin kayan abinci na dabbobi a matakin masu cin abinci iri-iri suna da babban tasiri a babban sikeli.

Wanda baya cin naman dabbobi (nama, kaji, kifi).

Masu cin ganyayyaki na Lacto sun haɗa da madara; masu cin ganyayyaki na ovo sun haɗa da ƙwai; masu cin ganyayyaki na lacto-ovo sun haɗa da duka. Masu cin vegan sun ware duka biyu.

Wani da yake rage cin kayan abinci na dabbobi da niyya ba tare da cire su gaba ɗaya ba.

Ƙungiyar da Brian Kateman ya kafa; tana jaddada canji mai ɗorewa a babban sikeli fiye da tsafta ta mutum.

Tushen shuka na EPA da DHA omega-3s — abin da kifi ke ci.

Mai ɗorewa, maras mercury, maras microplastic. Akwai shi a matsayin capsules ko ruwa; fa'idodin halitta iri ɗaya kamar man kifi.

Wanda ke cin kifi amma ba wani naman dabba ba.

Ba mai cin ganyayyaki ba. Kifi yana da hankali kuma yana iya jin zafi; an kiyasta cewa biliyan 1-3 na kifi ana kashe su a kowace shekara don abinci.

Gas mai gurbata iska wanda ya fi CO₂ ƙarfi sau 80 sama da shekaru 20.

Dabbobin gona — musamman shanu — suna da alhakin ~30% na hayaƙin methane na duniya da mutum ke samarwa ta hanyar fermentation na ciki da taki.

Yanke fatun fata daga bayan 'yan tumaki ba tare da maganin kashe zafi ba don hana kamuwa da cutar tashi.

Tsarin da aka saba yi a samar da ulu na merino a Ostiraliya. An haramta shi a New Zealand tun 2018; UK da EU suna da manyan masu sayarwa suna kawar da shi daga sarkar samar da kayayyaki.

Naman da aka noma daga kwayoyin halittar dabba ba tare da kiwo ko kashe dabbar ba.

Har ila yau ana kiransa naman da aka noma ta hanyar kwayar halitta ko naman da aka kirkira a lab. An amince da shi a Singapore (2020), Amurka (2023) da Isra'ila (2024). Har yanzu yana da ƙaramin sikeli kuma mai tsada idan aka kwatanta da madadin da aka dogara da shuka.

Kayan abinci na tushen shuka da aka tsara don kwaikwayon dandano da rubutun nama.

Daga tempeh da seitan (tsoffin shekaru da yawa) zuwa Beyond da Impossible (na zamani). Yana haɗa al'adun dafa abinci — mai amfani don sauyawa, ba buƙatu ba.

Busassun yisti tare da dandano mai kama da cuku, umami.

Sau da yawa ana ƙarfafa shi da B12. Abubuwan amfani na yau da kullun: taliya, popcorn, miya, miya na cuku vegan, scrambled tofu.

Enzyme da aka saba cirewa daga cikin ciki na maruƙa don kama cuku.

Yanzu ana amfani da rennet na kwayoyin halitta da na tushen shuka. Koyaushe duba lakabin cuku idan kawar da madara shine burin.

Ra'ayin abinci na Hindu/Ayurvedic — abinci da ake ɗauka mai tsabta, mai haske da mai ba da 'yanci.

Yawanci yana ware nama, kifi, ƙwai, barasa, albasa da tafarnuwa. Tushen yawancin abincin haikali na Kudancin Asiya.

Sanarwa ta 2012 na manyan masana kimiyyar jijiyoyi da ke tabbatar da hankali a cikin dabbobin da ba mutane ba.

An sanya hannu a Jami'ar Cambridge; sun kammala cewa dabbobi masu shayarwa, tsuntsaye da sauran dabbobi da yawa — ciki har da octopuses — suna da tushen jijiyoyi na hankali.

Yanke gandun daji na dindindin, sau da yawa don kiwo ko amfanin dabbar.

Naman sa da waken soya don abincin dabbobi suna da alhakin ~80% na sare gandun daji na Amazon. Ba tare da aikin nome dabbobi ba, sawun filaye na noma na duniya zai iya raguwa da ~75%.

Emissions na iskar gas da ke da alaƙa da samfur, wanda aka bayyana a cikin CO₂-equiivalent.

Naman sa yana da sawun sawu mafi girma a kowane gram na abinci na yau da kullun; legumes da hatsi sune mafi ƙasƙanci. Abincin dabbobi yana haifar da mafi yawan emissions na abinci na duniya.

Abincin haikalin Buddha na Japan — gaba daya na tushen shuka.

Shekaru da yawa. Yana jaddada lokaci, daidaiton dandano biyar da launuka, da kuma raguwar sharar gida.

Saka daraja daban-daban ga halittu dangane da nau'in jinsi.

Kalmar Peter Singer ta shahara a littafin Animal Liberation na 1975. Muhawarar ita ce cewa jinsi, kamar launin fata ko jinsi, ba wani ma'auni ne mai muhimmanci a ɗabi'a ba don watsi da wahala.

Mataki na shari'a wanda ake buƙata don sa dabba ta SUMA kafin a yanka ta.

Hanyoyin sun haɗa da bindiga mai riƙe da harsashi, wutar lantarki, da iskar gas (CO₂). Binciken masana'antu sun rubuta yawan gazawar kama da kashi 5-10% a cikin shanu da kuma mafi girma a cikin kaji.

Kebbabben waken soya na Indonesiya, mai kauri da cike da protein.

Yafi yawan protein da fiber fiye da tofu, tare da rubutu mai tauri wanda yake riƙewa don gasa, soya da braising.

Madarar waken soya da aka kama aka matsa zuwa tubali.

Ya samo asali a China kimanin shekaru 2,000 da suka gabata. Yana zuwa cikin silken, soft, firm da extra-firm; nau'ikan da aka sanya da alli suma tushen alli ne mai muhimmanci.

Rushewar masu pollination na daji wanda magungunan kashe kwari, monocultures, da kuma manyan noma na abincin dabbobi ke haifarwa.

Asarar masu pollination na daji tana barazana ga 75% na amfanin gona na duniya. Noman monoculture na abincin dabbobi na masana'antu babban dalili ne.

Salon rayuwa wanda ke neman hana, gwargwadon yadda zai yiwu da kuma a aikace, dukkan nau'ikan cin zarafin dabbobi.

Donald Watson ne ya ƙirƙira kalmar a 1944. Ya haɗa da abinci, sutura, kayan shafawa da nishaɗi — ba kawai abinci ba.

Ƙalubalen shekara-shekara na cin abinci na vegan na tsawon watan Janairu.

An kafa shi a 2014 a Burtaniya. Fiye da masu halartar miliyan 1 sun yi rajista a 2024 a cikin ƙasashe fiye da 200. Manyan samfurori suna ƙaddamar da kayayyakin vegan a kusa da shi.

Abinci da kudaje ke yi daga ruwan fure don ciyar da mulkin mallaka.

Samar da kasuwanci akai-akai yana maye gurbin zuma da ruwan sukari, yana yanke fuka-fukan sarauniya, kuma yana jigilar kudan zuma a fadin nahuyoyi don kwangilar pollination.