Noman masana'antu ·

Nama ko Tsire: Wanne Yafi Alheri?

Zaɓi tsakanin naman sa da aka ciyar da shi da tsire-tsire masu gina jiki: fa'idodi da illoli ga lafiyar ku da aljihun ku, musamman ga al'ummarmu.

986 kalmomi · Maƙalar yau ta Veg.ac
Filin dawa da gero a arewacin Najeriya, yana nuna wadataccen amfanin gona na yankin.
Veg.ac · AI-generated illustration

Tambayar da ke gabanmu a yau, musamman ga jama'ar yankinmu na Arewa da Sahel, ita ce: wanne ne ya fi alheri a tsakanin naman sa da aka ciyar da shi da kuma tsire-tsire masu gina jiki kamar gero, wake, da gyada? Mun san cewa nama yana da matsayi a cikin abincinmu, amma yadda ake sarrafa naman sa a yau, musamman ta hanyar ciyarwa da yawa, yana ƙara tambayoyi masu yawa game da tasirinsa ga lafiyar mu, aljihunmu, da kuma muhallinmu. Wannan bincike zai yi nazarin waɗannan zaɓuɓɓuka biyu ta hanyar da ta dace da yanayinmu da kuma bukatunmu.

Halin Naman Sa da aka Ciyar da Shi

A al'adance, naman sa yana da daraja a yawancin al'ummomi, ciki har da yankinmu. Duk da haka, hanyoyin kiwon sa na zamani, musamman inda ake ciyar da dabbobi abinci masu yawa kamar masara ko gero don su yi saurin girma, suna da matsaloli. Wannan nau'in kiwo, wanda wani lokacin yakan kai ga wuraren ajiyar dabbobi masu yawa (feedlots), yana buƙatar albarkatu masu yawa, ciki har da ruwa da fili. Haka kuma, samar da abincin da ake ciyar da dabbobin yana da tasiri ga muhalli, kamar yadda ake buƙatar sarrafa filaye masu yawa da kuma amfani da taki da taki na noma.

Babban damuwa game da naman sa da aka ciyar da shi shine tasirinsa ga lafiya. Nazarin da dama, kamar yadda aka wallafa a mujallar *The Lancet*, sun nuna cewa cin nama mai yawa, musamman nama mai kitse, na iya ƙara haɗarin cututtukan zuciya, hawan jini, da wasu nau'ikan ciwon daji. Haka kuma, yawan amfani da maganin rigakafi a wuraren kiwo na iya taimakawa wajen samar da ƙwayoyin cuta masu juriya ga magani, wanda ke zama barazana ga lafiyar bil'adama a duniya baki ɗaya.

60
CO2e da ake fitarwa ta hanyar kiwon sa (kg CO2e / kg nama)
Our World in Data (2021)
15,000
Ruwan da ake buƙata don samar da 1kg na naman sa (liters)
Water Footprint Network

Tasirin Muhalli na Naman Sa

Samar da naman sa yana da nauyin nauyi ga muhalli. Yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu samar da iskar gas mai gurbata muhalli, musamman methane, wanda ke da tasiri fiye da carbon dioxide. Haka kuma, buƙatar filaye masu yawa don kiwo da noman abincin dabbobi na iya haifar da sare dazuzzuka da kuma lalata wuraren da rayayyun halittu ke rayuwa. A yankunanmu, inda ruwa ke da ƙaranci, wannan yawan amfani da ruwa wajen kiwon dabbobi na iya zama babbar matsala ga tsaron ruwa.

Tukunyar taki daga wurin kiwon dabbobi masu yawa, wanda ke da tasiri ga muhalli da kuma lafiyar jama'a.
Tukunyar taki daga wurin kiwon dabbobi masu yawa, wanda ke da tasiri ga muhalli da kuma lafiyar jama'a.Veg.ac · AI-generated illustration

Halin Tsire-tsire masu Gina Jiki

A gefe guda kuma, tsire-tsire masu gina jiki kamar gero, wake, wake wake, lentil, da gyada suna ba da madadin mai ƙarfi. Waɗannan amfanin gona ba wai kawai suna da wadata a cikin furotin ba, har ma da fiber, bitamin, da ma'adanai. A yankinmu na Arewa, gero da gero sune tushen abinci na yau da kullun, kuma suna da sauƙin nomawa, suna buƙatar ruwa kaɗan, kuma suna jure wa yanayin busasshi. Wake da gyada kuma suna da wadata sosai a cikin furotin da mai mai amfani.

Furotin da ke cikin tsire-tsire, kamar yadda nazarin *Nature Food* suka nuna, na iya samar da adadin da ake bukata na asid ɗin amino don gina jiki da kula da lafiyar jiki. Sauya naman sa da tsire-tsire na iya taimakawa wajen rage yawan kitse mai tsawo da cholesterol a cikin abincinmu, wanda ke da matukar muhimmanci ga rigakafin cututtukan zuciya da ciwon sukari. Haka kuma, tsire-tsire suna da fiber mai yawa, wanda ke taimakawa wajen narkewar abinci da kuma jin ƙoshi na tsawon lokaci.

  • Gero: Babban tushen carbohydrates da furotin, yana buƙatar ruwa kaɗan.
  • Wake: Yana da wadata a cikin furotin da fiber, yana taimakawa wajen inganta ƙasa.
  • Gyada: Tushen furotin da mai mai amfani, kuma yana da sauƙin samarwa.
  • Wake wake (Cowpeas): Yana da wadata a cikin furotin da fiber, yana da amfani ga lafiyar garkuwa.

Amfanin Tsire-tsire ga Aljihunmu da Muhallinmu

Daga fuskar tattalin arziki, tsire-tsire masu gina jiki galibi sun fi araha kuma sun fi sauƙin samu fiye da naman sa, musamman a wuraren da kasuwanni ke da ƙarfi. Noma da cin abinci na tsire-tsire na buƙatar ƙarancin ruwa da fili, yana rage tasirin muhalli. Haka kuma, noman tsire-tsire na iya taimakawa wajen inganta lafiyar ƙasa saboda wasu daga cikinsu suna samar da nitrogen a cikin ƙasa, wanda ke rage buƙatar taki na wucin gadi. Wannan yana da matukar amfani ga manoma a yankunanmu da ke fuskantar kalubalen yanayin busasshi.

Sauya abincinmu zuwa tsire-tsire masu gina jiki ba kawai yana inganta lafiyar mu ba ne, har ma yana taimakawa wajen kare muhallinmu da kuma inganta tsaron abinci na dogon lokaci.

Masana Lafiya da Muhalli

Kwatanta Kai-da-Kai: Naman Sa da Tsire-tsire

Kwatanta Furotin da ake samu a kowace gram 100

Unit: grams
Naman Sa (dafaffe)26 g
Wake (dafaffe)8 g
Gero (dafaffe)3.5 g
Gyada (dafaffe)26 g

Data compiled from USDA FoodData Central.

Kwatanta Tasirin Muhalli (kg CO2e / kg furotin)

Unit: kg CO2e
Naman Sa150 kg CO2e
Wake1.5 kg CO2e
Gero0.5 kg CO2e

Estimates based on data from Poore & Nemecek (2018) Science.

Abubuwan da ake Kalla a Kwatanta

  1. Tushen Furotin: Naman sa yana da yawan furotin, amma gyada da wake na iya samar da adadi mai kama da haka.
  2. Lafiyar Zuciya: Tsire-tsire sun fi amfani, suna rage kitse da cholesterol.
  3. Tasirin Muhalli: Naman sa yana da tasiri mai girma; tsire-tsire sun fi tsabta.
  4. Tsada da Samuwa: Tsire-tsire yawanci sun fi araha kuma sun fi sauƙin samu a kasuwanninmu.
  5. Bukatar Ruwa: Noma da kiwon sa na buƙatar ruwa mai yawa; noman tsire-tsire na buƙatar kaɗan.
  6. Amfanin Gona na Yankinmu: Gero, wake, da gyada sun dace da yanayin busasshi na Arewa.

Rarrabawa: Wanne Yafi Alheri?

Ga al'ummar yankinmu, inda tsaron abinci da kuma yanayin busasshi ke da matukar muhimmanci, zaɓin tsire-tsire masu gina jiki kamar gero, wake, da gyada yana bayar da fa'idodi masu yawa. Suna da araha, suna buƙatar kaɗan wajen nomawa, kuma suna da amfani ga lafiyar mu da kuma muhallinmu. Hanyoyin noma da cin abinci da suka fi dogaro da tsire-tsire na iya taimakawa wajen samar da tsarin abinci mai dorewa wanda zai iya tallafa wa al'ummominmu yanzu da kuma nan gaba.

Sources & further reading

  1. Our World in Dataourworldindata.org
  2. Water Footprint Networkwaterfootprint.org
  3. The Lancetthelancet.com
  4. Nature Foodnature.com/natfood/
  5. USDA FoodData Centralfdc.nal.usda.gov
  6. FAOfao.org