Lafiya ·

Nama Mai Sarrafawa da Jan Nama: Wane Ne Ya Fi Kyau?

Zaɓin tsakanin nama mai sarrafawa da jan nama yana da tasiri ga lafiyar ku da tattalin arziki a yankin Sahel. Duba bambance-bambancen.

1,018 kalmomi · Maƙalar yau ta Veg.ac
Wani kantin kasuwa na gida yana sayar da wake da hatsi a Najeriya
Veg.ac · AI-generated illustration

Tambayar ko nama mai sarrafawa da jan nama suna da lafiya ko a'a tana ci gaba da taso wa, musamman ga al'ummominmu da ke ci gaba da dogara ga abinci na gargajiya. Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta bayar da cikakkun bayanai game da haɗarin da ke tattare da waɗannan nau'ikan nama, amma yaya hakan ke shafar zaɓin abincinmu na yau da kullum a yankin Sahel, inda gero, dawa, wake, da waken suya ke bada cikakken abinci? Wannan labarin zai binciko bambance-bambancen tsakanin nama mai sarrafawa da jan nama, tare da ba da shawara kan mafi kyawun zaɓi ga lafiyar mu da kuma ci gaban tattalin arzikinmu.

Daga Nama Mai Sarrafawa: Haɗarin da Ke Bayyane

Nama mai sarrafawa, kamar irin tsiran alade da ake sarrafawa, naman da aka gwangwaje, ko naman da aka sarrafa don tsawon rayuwa, yawanci yana ɗauke da sinadarai masu yawa kamar gishiri da abubuwan kiyayewa (preservatives). Bincike daga Hukumar Kula da Ciwon Kan Duniya (IARC), wani bangare na WHO, ya nuna cewa cin nama mai sarrafawa akai-akai yana ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon daji na hanji. Nazarin da aka wallafa a mujallar *The Lancet Oncology* a shekarar 2015 ya bayyana cewa kowane gram 50 na nama mai sarrafawa da aka ci a kullum na iya ƙara haɗarin ciwon daji na hanji da kashi 18%. Wannan yana da matukar muhimmanci ga al'ummominmu inda irin waɗannan kayayyaki, ko da ba su zama ruwan dare ba, ana iya samun su a wasu manyan kasuwanni.

%18
Haɗarin Ciwon Daji na Hanji daga Nama Mai Sarrafawa
The Lancet Oncology (2015)
50g
Adadin Nama Mai Sarrafawa da Aka Ci A Kullum
The Lancet Oncology (2015)
Wasu nau'ikan nama mai sarrafawa da ake iya samu a kasuwanni.
Wasu nau'ikan nama mai sarrafawa da ake iya samu a kasuwanni.Veg.ac · AI-generated illustration

Saboda hanyoyin sarrafawa da suka haɗa da gishiri, kyafji, ko kuma ƙara sinadarai, nama mai sarrafawa na iya ƙunsar sodium da abubuwan kiyayewa kamar nitrites, waɗanda aka danganta da haɗarin kiwon lafiya. A al'adunmu, inda ake iya amfani da gishiri wajen adana nama ta hanyar kwadawa ko kuma bushewa, yana da kyau mu kula da yawan amfani da irin waɗannan abinci domin kare lafiyarmu.

Haɗarin Kiwon Lafiya na Nama Mai Sarrafawa

  • Ƙara haɗarin ciwon daji na hanji.
  • Yawan gishiri na iya haifar da hawan jini.
  • Abubuwan kiyayewa na iya samun tasiri mara kyau ga lafiya idan aka ci su da yawa.

Daga Jan Nama: Fa'ida da Haɗari

Jan nama, kamar naman sa, tumaki, ko akuya, wani bangare ne na abincin al'adunmu da yawa a yankin Sahel. Yana bada sinadarai masu muhimmanci kamar furotin, baƙin ƙarfe (iron), da bitamin B12. Duk da haka, cin jan nama da yawa kuma an danganta shi da haɗarin wasu cututtuka. Nazarin da aka gudanar ta Cibiyar Nazarin Cututtuka da Rigakafi (CDC) ta Amurka ta nuna cewa mutanen da ke cin jan nama da yawa suna da haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya da ciwon sukari na digiri na biyu. A cikin yanayinmu na busasshiyar yanayi, inda kiwo ke taka rawa sosai, samar da jan nama na iya zama mai sauƙi, amma yana da kyau mu lura da yawan cin sa.

Haɗarin Cututtuka Daga Yawan Cin Jan Nama

Cutar Zuciya25 %
Ciwon Sukari (Type 2)20 %

Wannan yana nuna ƙarin haɗarin da aka danganta da yawan cin jan nama, bisa ga bincike na yau da kullun. Tushe: Cibiyar Nazarin Cututtuka da Rigakafi (CDC).

Yawan cin jan nama na iya ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya da ciwon sukari.

Bincike na yau da kullun

Don haka, yayin da jan nama ke bada wasu sinadarai masu amfani, yana da mahimmanci a sarrafa adadin da ake ci. Gano hanyoyin da za a iya inganta kiwon dabbobi da kuma samar da nama mai inganci da kuma lafiya zai iya zama wani muhimmin mataki ga tattalin arzikinmu. Amma, kamar yadda masanan kiwon lafiya suka bayyana, ba wai kawai adadin naman da ake ci ba, har ma da yadda ake sarrafa shi da kuma dafa shi yana da tasiri. Nama da aka gasa ko aka dafa ba tare da kitse mai yawa ba zai iya zama mafi lafiya.

Shanun da tumaki a wuraren kiwo a yankin Sahel.
Shanun da tumaki a wuraren kiwo a yankin Sahel.Veg.ac · AI-generated illustration

Kwatanta Kai-tsaye: Nama Mai Sarrafawa vs. Jan Nama

Bambance-Bambancen Haɗarin Lafiya: Nama Mai Sarrafawa vs. Jan Nama

Haɗarin Ciwon Daji18 %
Haɗarin Cutar Zuciya25 %

Wannan karkatarwa ce ta haɗarin kiwon lafiya da aka danganta da yawan cin kowane nau'in nama. Tushe: IARC, CDC.

Lokacin da muka kwatanta, nama mai sarrafawa yana da alaƙa da haɗarin ciwon daji kai tsaye, kamar yadda IARC ta bayyana. A gefe guda kuma, jan nama, idan aka ci shi da yawa, yana ƙara haɗarin cututtukan zuciya da ciwon sukari. Wannan yana nufin cewa duka biyun suna bada ƙalubale ga lafiyar mu idan muka ci su da yawa. Sai dai, idan aka yi la'akari da yawan amfani da abinci na gargajiya a yankin Sahel, kamar wake da gero, waɗanda ke da ƙarancin haɗarin kiwon lafiya, zaɓin ya bayyana.

Tsitsewar Abinci a Yankin Sahel: Gero, Dawa, da Wake

A yankinmu, inda yanayin busasshiyar yanayi ke ƙalubalantarmu, gero, dawa, wake, da waken suya kamar gyada suna bada tushen abinci mai inganci da kuma dorewa. Waɗannan amfanin gona ba sa buƙatar ruwa mai yawa, suna jure wa yanayin da ba shi da ruwa, kuma suna samar da sinadarai masu yawa kamar fiber, bitamin, da ma'adanai. Nazarin da Cibiyar Nazarin Noma ta Duniya don Ci gaban Yankuna masu busasshiyar Yanayi (ICARDA) ta nuna cewa haɓaka amfanin gona kamar gero da dawa na iya taimakawa wajen inganta tsaron abinci da rage dogaro ga abinci da ake shigo da shi.

Babban tushen fiber da carbohydrates
Abincin Dawa da Gero
ICARDA
Babban tushen furotin da baƙin ƙarfe
Abincin Wake
FAO

Wannan yana nufin cewa muna da damar samar da abinci mai gina jiki da lafiya daga albarkatunmu na gida. Mayar da hankali ga waɗannan amfanin gona ba kawai zai inganta lafiyarmu ba, har ma zai tallafa wa manoma da tattalin arzikinmu na gida. A yanzu, ƙungiyar abinci ta duniya (FAO) tana ƙarfafa manoman yankin Sahel su koma ga irin waɗannan amfanin gona masu jurewa yanayin busasshiyar yanayi.

Hukunci: Wane Ne Ya Fi Kyau Ga Lafiyar Ku?

Dangane da binciken da aka yi, duka nama mai sarrafawa da jan nama suna bada haɗari ga lafiya idan aka ci su da yawa. Duk da haka, idan muka yi la'akari da mahallin yankin Sahel, inda gero, dawa, da wake ke bada tushen abinci mai dorewa da lafiya, mafi kyawun zaɓi shine a rage yawan cin duka nau'ikan nama, musamman nama mai sarrafawa, kuma a mayar da hankali kan abinci mai tushen tsirrai. Haɗa waɗannan abinci na gargajiya a cikin abincinmu na yau da kullun zai taimaka wajen inganta lafiyarmu da kuma samar da tsaron abinci ga al'ummarmu.

Frequently asked questions

Wane irin nama WHO ta ce yana da haɗari?
Hukumar Kula da Ciwon Kan Duniya (IARC) ta WHO ta ayyana nama mai sarrafawa a matsayin 'kwayar cuta ga mutane' (Group 1 carcinogen), kuma jan nama a matsayin 'wataƙila kwayar cuta ga mutane' (Group 2A carcinogen), dangane da yawan cin su.
Shin jan nama yana da amfani ko kaɗan?
Ee, jan nama yana bada furotin, baƙin ƙarfe, da bitamin B12. Duk da haka, likitoci suna ba da shawarar a rage yawan cin sa saboda haɗarin da ke tattare da shi.
Ta yaya ake sarrafa nama a yankin Sahel?
A yankin Sahel, sarrafa nama na iya haɗawa da bushewa, gishiri, ko kuma kwadawa. Waɗannan hanyoyin na iya ƙara sodium da wasu sinadarai da ba su da kyau ga lafiya idan aka ci su da yawa.
Menene mafi kyawun madadin nama a yankinmu?
Mafi kyawun madadin nama a yankin Sahel sune wake, waken suya (gyada), gero, da dawa. Waɗannan suna bada furotin, fiber, da sauran sinadarai masu amfani.
Shin akwai wata hanyar da za a ci jan nama lafiya?
Domin rage haɗarin, zaɓi naman da ba shi da kitse, dafa shi ta hanyar gasawa ko tafasa ba tare da ƙarin mai ba, kuma ka iyakance yawan cin sa.
Ta yaya abincin da ya fi yawa na Sahel ke taimakawa tsaron abinci?
Amfanin gona kamar gero da dawa suna buƙatar kaɗan ruwa, suna jure yanayin zafi, kuma suna girma cikin sauri, wanda hakan ke taimakawa wajen tabbatar da samun abinci ko da a lokacin rani.

Sources & further reading

  1. IARC Monographs on the Identification of Carcinogenic Hazards to HumansInternational Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) - iarc.who.int
  2. Meat and cancerWorld Health Organization (WHO) - who.int
  3. Red Meat and Processed MeatCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) - cdc.gov
  4. Dietary Guidelines for AmericansU.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) - myplate.gov
  5. ICARDA ResearchInternational Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) - icarda.org
  6. FAO Food Security ReportsFood and Agriculture Organization (FAO) - fao.org