Hujjar masu ra'ayin mazan jiya game da noman dabbobi a masana'antu

Hujjar a takaice

Kula da halitta

Mulki a ma'anar Littafin Farawa amana ne, ba izini ba. Abin da aka ba amana ana iya yin amfani da shi ba daidai ba.

Mallaka yana nufin aiki

Ra'ayin gargajiya na dokar gama gari shine cewa mallakar dabba yana haifar da wajibcin kulawa, shi ya sa aka haramta zalunci tun kafin jin daɗi ya zama batun siyasa.

Mai adawa da masana'antu, mai goyon bayan gona

Noman dabbobi a cikin ƙuntataccen wuri labari ne na haɗewa: ƙananan ayyuka, manyan ayyuka, manoma masu kwangila waɗanda ba su da 'yanci, da kuma ƙauyuka da suka lalace.

Hali

Saba da zalunci mara dalili ya kasance damuwa ga masu ra'ayin mazan jiya tun kafin ya zama na masu ci gaba — Kant, Burke da Scruton duk sun yi wani nau'in magana game da shi.

Kula da halitta, ba izini ba

Mafi ƙarfin bayani na addini-mazan jiya game da batun shine Matthew Scully's Dominion. Scully, marubucin jawabai ga Shugaba George W. Bush, yayi jayayya cewa mulki umarni ne na kulawa kuma tsare dabbobi a masana'antu cin amana ne — amfani da iko a kan raunana saboda kawai suna raunana. Wannan damuwa ce ta masu ra'ayin mazan jiya a sigar gargajiya.

Wannan karatun yana bayyana a cikin al'adu daban-daban: ana iya amfani da abin da aka ba amana amma ba a ɓata shi ko cin zarafi ba. Akwatin da ake tsare da alade wanda ba zai iya juyawa ba a cikin mafi yawan rayuwarta, yana da wuya a bayyana shi a matsayin kulawa a karkashin kowane karatun amana.

Hanyar falsafa: Ayyukan Scruton

Roger Scruton, wanda ba ya goyon bayan ka'idar haƙƙin dabbobi, yayi jayayya a cikin Animal Rights and Wrongs cewa ko da yake dabbobi ba za su iya samun haƙƙi ba, muna da ayyuka a gare su — ayyuka na ibada, tausayi da kulawa waɗanda suka taso daga matsayinmu, ba daga buƙatunsu ba. Ya bayyana a sarari cewa noman dabbobi na masana'antu yana keta waɗannan ayyuka ko da yake bai keta kowane haƙƙi ba.

Wannan tsari yana da mahimmanci. Yana nufin cewa mai ra'ayin mazan jiya zai iya ƙin dukan tsarin falsafar haƙƙin dabbobi kuma har yanzu ya kammala cewa tsare dabbobi a masana'antu ba daidai ba ne. Ba lallai ne ka yarda da Peter Singer don ka ƙi biyan kuɗin akwatin da aka tsare kaza a ciki ba.

Ba ka buƙatar ka'idar haƙƙin dabbobi don sanin cewa akwatin da alade ba zai iya juyawa a ciki ba ba kula da halitta ba ne.

Noman dabbobi a masana'antu ba noman iyali ba ne

Ƙaunar masu ra'ayin mazan jiya ga noma ita ce ƙauna ga salon rayuwa: mallakar iyali mai zaman kansa, dabbobi a kan kiwo, ilimin da ake mika wa tsakanin tsararraki. Noman dabbobi na masana'antu shine makiyin wannan hoton, ba bayyanarsa ba. Haɗewa ya maye gurbin manoma masu zaman kansu da manoma masu kwangila waɗanda ke ɗaukar bashi da taki yayin da mai sarrafawa ke saita farashi kuma ya mallaki tsuntsaye.

Don haka kare rayuwar karkara ba yana nufin kare masana'antar kaji da aka haɗa a tsaye ba. Sau da yawa yana nufin akasin haka.

• —Noman kwangila yana canza haɗari ga manoma da iko ga masu sarrafawa.
• —Ayyukan da aka tattara suna fitar da wari, gurɓatar ruwa da juriyar maganin rigakafi ga maƙwabta.
• —Tsarin tallafi yana ba da lada ga girma, yana azabtar da ainihin ƙananan gonaki masu gauraya waɗanda masu ra'ayin mazan jiya suke daraja.

Zalunci, hali da doka

Dokar Martin (1822) — 'Dokar hana zalunci da rashin kula da shanu' — an gabatar da ita a majalisar da masu ra'ayin mazan jiya masu mallakar filaye suka mamaye, kuma ƙungiyar da ta zama RSPCA an kafa ta a 1824 tare da goyon bayan malamai da daga baya na sarauta. Dokar hana zalunci tana ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin hanyoyin dokokin masu ra'ayin mazan jiya na Biritaniya.

Damuwar da ke tattare da ita ta shafi mu fiye da su: cewa al'ummar da ta ƙyale zalunci na yau da kullun tana tauraita mutanen da ke cikinta. Ko menene ra'ayinka game da wannan da'awar, da'awar ce ta masu ra'ayin mazan jiya, kuma noman dabbobi a cikin ƙuntataccen wuri shine mafi bayyanan gwajin zamani.

Abin da ke biyo baya a aikace

Babu wani abu a cikin wannan hujja da ke buƙatar karɓar wani babban shirin siyasa. Yana goyon bayan: siyan ƙarancin kayan dabba, ƙin mafi munin tsarin tsare dabbobi, kawo ƙarshen fitar da dabbobi da rai, cire tallafin da ke tura samarwa zuwa girma da tsarewa, da kuma yiwa lakabi gaskiya don masu siye su iya yin hukuncin da kasuwanni suke ɗauka suna da shi.

Tambayoyin da mutane ke yi

Majiyoyi

• Matthew Scully, Dominion (2002)
• Roger Scruton, Hakkokin Dabbobi da Kurakurai
• Majalisar Biritaniya — Dokar Martin 1822 da jin daɗin dabbobi
• USDA ERS — haɗewa a noman Amurka

Ci gaba